Relationship between Energy, Voltage, Current and Time

1. The potential difference or voltage,V, across two points is defined as energy,E, dissipated or transferred by coulomb of charge,Q, that moves through the two points.

Therefore:

Potential difference = Electrical energy dissipated / Charge

V= E / Q

2. Current is the rate of charge flow. Therefore, the total charge flows through the two points is given as:

Q = It                   I = current,  t = time in second

3. Since the energy dissipated or transferred is given by:

E= VQ

Therefore, the relationship between E, V,I and t can be written as:

E = VIt

4. From Ohm’s law, V =IR, therefore,

E = IR × It
E = I²Rt

5. From I = V / R = > ; E = V

Electrical Energy

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Electrical energy is derived from electrical potential energy or energy that has been changed from electrical potential energy. 

In order for Electrical energy to be materialized a circuit is needed. The function of the circuit is to deliver the combination of electric current and electric potential, which is the driving force of electrical potential energy. After the electrical potential energy has been converted to another type of energy it stops behaving as electrical potential energy. Therefore, it can be said that electrical energy is actually a potential energy before it is being changed to other type of energy or energies.

1. Electrical energy is very important because this form of energy can be converted easily into other forms of energy, such as heat, light, mechanical and electromagnetic energy.

2. The energy carried by electrical charges can be transformed to other form of energy by using different electrical appliances. The table shows the transformation of energy for a few household appliances.

Appliances	Energy transformed
Rice cooker	Electrical to heat
Radio	Electrical to sound
Light	Electrical to heat and light
Washing machine	Electrical to mechanical

3. Electrical energy can be defined as the energy carried by electrical charges which can be transformed to other forms of energy by using of an electrical device or appliances.