Applications of Logic Gates in Control Systems

Logic gates are made to make decisions based on the inputs obtained, this is when logic gates function as automatic switch.

There are three main components in a control system.

A. Input or Inputs   - consist of detectors which are able to detect changes (light, electrical, sound etc)
B. Control circuit    - electronic devices (capacitors, diodes and transistors)
C. Outputs              - devices (sirens, bulbs, alarm, heater, electric motors)

Some examples are

1. Control system for cooling fans
2. Fire control system
3. Temperature control system
4. Car theft alarm system


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Analysing Logic Gates

A logic gate is a switching circuit that is applied in computers and other electronic devices and its a basic electronic building block used in computers and many digital devices.

This logic gate is responsible for performing logical operations in digital systems. The digital system involves two outputs inputs and output which involve two levels of voltage either high (1) or low (0).

The logic gates are named 'gates' because they give a '1'  on the output only when a particular combination of 1 and 0 is present at the inputs.

Logic Gates as Switching Circuits

A logic gate is a switching circuit made up of a combination of transistor switches. It has one or more input terminals but only one output terminal. It's useful to find out how come simple logic gates can be built from switches. Normally, a closed switch is considered to be at a high state (1) and and open switch low state (0). Switches in series can perform and AND gate function and switches in parallel can perform and OR gate function.

Types of logic gates:

1. NOT gate
2. AND gate
3. OR gate
4. NAND gate = AND and NOT gates
5. NOR gate = OR and NOT gates

The NOT, AND and OR gates are the three basic logic gates. All other more sophisticated gates are made from these gates by combining these gates in specific ways.


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